Researchers at the Great Lakes Forestry Centre in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, have raised concerns about an invasive insect approaching the Canadian border. According to Amanda Roe, a research scientist with Natural Resources Canada, recent findings indicate that the spotted lanternfly, especially in its egg stage, can survive extremely cold temperatures, withstanding as low as -25 degrees Celsius. This resilience suggests that winter conditions may not be sufficient to prevent the spread of this destructive pest into parts of Canada.
Originating from Asia, the spotted lanternfly is a sap-sucking insect that pierces trees and plants to extract sap using straw-like mouthparts. Discovered in the United States in 2014, the insect has quickly expanded across the eastern U.S., establishing populations in 19 states, including Michigan and New York, as well as in communities along Lake Erie.
The insect’s impact extends to over 100 plant species, with a particular threat to grape production, as noted by Olivier Morin, a plant health survey biologist for the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. In infested areas of the U.S., the spotted lanternfly has caused significant damage to vineyards and agricultural operations by reducing crop yields, weakening plants, and promoting mold growth through the secretion of sugary waste known as honeydew.
Apart from grapes, the insect also targets maple trees, prompting concerns within Canada’s maple syrup industry. The Ontario Maple Syrup Association has been monitoring the spotted lanternfly for potential risks to maple syrup production, given the lack of clarity on its full impact in these areas.
While studies shed light on the insect’s cold tolerance, Roe emphasizes that invasive species can adapt to new environments over time. Morin highlights human activity as a major factor in the insect’s spread, describing the spotted lanternfly as an adept hitchhiker that travels long distances by attaching itself to vehicles, cargo, and outdoor equipment. Although no established populations have been found in Canada, sightings have occurred, indicating the need for vigilance and reporting to prevent further spread of the invasive pest.